Teacher Shortage and Record Pupil Numbers Hit Berlin Schools in 2025

Introduction

The new school year in Berlin and Brandenburg has started under significant strain. Both states are reporting record numbers of enrolled pupils — while simultaneously struggling to fill hundreds of teaching positions. For expat families with school-age children, this situation has real consequences: larger classes, fewer specialist teachers, and potentially reduced access to language support programs for children who are still learning German. Understanding the landscape helps families prepare and advocate effectively for their children.

Record Pupil Numbers and Unfilled Posts

Berlin and Brandenburg have seen consistent population growth in recent years, driven in part by migration and the arrival of families fleeing the war in Ukraine. This demographic growth is now hitting the school system at full force. Both states are enrolling more pupils than ever before in their recorded history, yet the teaching workforce has not kept pace.

Hundreds of positions across both states remain unfilled as the school year begins. The shortage is particularly acute in subjects like mathematics, sciences, and German as a second language (Deutsch als Zweitsprache, or DaZ) — the very subject that is most critical for children of immigrant and expat families who are integrating into the German school system.

To cope, schools are reportedly relying on a combination of:

• Lateral entrants (Quereinsteiger) without full teaching qualifications
• Retired teachers returning on temporary contracts
• Increased class sizes
• Reduced hours in certain subjects

What This Means for Expat Families

For families who have recently moved to Germany, navigating the school system is already complex. Children may be placed in welcome classes (Willkommensklassen) or integration classes before transitioning into mainstream education. These programs are specifically designed to support language acquisition and adjustment — but they depend heavily on qualified DaZ teachers, who are among the hardest positions to fill.

Larger class sizes also mean that individual support for children with language barriers may be harder to access in practice, even where it is officially available. Parents should be proactive: attend school information evenings, communicate regularly with class teachers, and ask specifically about what language support is available for your child.

Beyond language, expat families should also be aware of the German school system's structure. Unlike many countries, Germany streams pupils into different school types (Gymnasium, Realschule, Hauptschule, or Gesamtschule) at a relatively young age. Teacher shortages can affect the quality of guidance children receive at these decision points, making parental involvement especially important.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I enrol my child in a Berlin or Brandenburg school?

Enrolment is handled through your local district school authority (Schulamt). You will need your child's birth certificate, proof of Anmeldung (registration at your address), and any previous school records. Children of compulsory school age (generally 6 and above) must be enrolled in a state school. Your Schulamt can advise on school placement, including welcome class availability.

What language support is available for children who don't speak German?

Both Berlin and Brandenburg operate welcome classes (Willkommensklassen) for newly arrived pupils who need intensive German instruction before joining mainstream classes. The quality and availability of these programs varies by school and district. Ask your school directly about the DaZ support on offer and how the transition to mainstream classes is managed.

Conclusion and Next Steps

The teacher shortage in Berlin and Brandenburg is a structural challenge that will not be resolved quickly. Expat families should approach the school year with realistic expectations and proactive communication with their child's school. If you are choosing a school or recently arrived in the area, visiting schools in person, speaking to other expat parents, and connecting with local parent communities (many neighbourhoods have WhatsApp or Facebook groups) can help you make informed decisions. For official information on school enrolment, contact your local Schulamt or visit the relevant state education authority website.

Source: The Local